Takahata dwarf mosaic disease (Sorghum red strip disease)
Symptoms of sorghum red strip disease can occur throughout the reproductive period and occur later. Field symptoms were divided into three types: mosaic type, necrotic type, and mixed type. The mosaic-type victim leaves faded in strips, with clear yellow-green in the normal tissue, and expanded along the lateral veins, showing chlorotic small spots, and later developed into stripe spots or intermittent dotted strips. Followed by the spread of lesions, the diseased leaves were pale green, mixed with dark green spots or plaques, generally not turning red, forming mottled mosaics. The necrosis type of the above stripe turns red to become a red strip, and the chlorotic spot becomes red or the red stripe merges to show red leaves. The red strip eventually lost water and necrosis. Some species turn yellow and turn purple or red. Some species have no obvious signs of heart and leaves, only the lower leaves first become purple or partially chlorotic, and some along the veins appear parallel purple stripes, showing a red strip. The mixed heart leaves with red dead spots or expanded into dead spots. The last diseased plant dwarfed or died. The disease has spread rapidly in Hebei, Liaoning, and Beijing and Tianjin in recent years, and it has become increasingly serious. Production should be noted. Transmission routes and onset conditions The seeds of the sorghum variety 954066B can be poisoned, but the transmission rate is only 0.03%. In the field, the virus is mainly transmitted by wheat birch, cornucopia tube, peach aphid, and corn borer. The main virus-mediated mediator during the seedling stage of spring sowing in North China was wheat bifidoquinone, followed by Myzus persicae; the seedling stage of summer sowing sorghum was mainly transmitted by tuber clams and corn borer. Therefore, the amount of aphid in the field is one of the important factors affecting the occurrence and prevalence of the disease.
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Maize dwarf mosaic virus-B referred to as MDMV-B, called corn dwarf mosaic virus B strain, is a virus. Virus and granules are long strips, and the size of foreign reports is 750-82512-15 (nm), and domestic is 625-850 nm, among which 75013 nm is mostly. Wind-shaped and bundled inclusion bodies were observed on ultrathin sections of diseased leaves. Passivation temperature 54 °C, dilution limit 1000 times, 20 °C in vitro survival period of 3 days. In addition to the infestation of sorghum, 12 species of plants such as corn, millet, gardenia, bromegrass, green foxtail, cockroach and chervil can also be infested. Some experts have determined that mosaicism can be caused by all hosts and is caused by the MDMV-G virus; red strip necrosis is caused by the MDMV-B virus. Southern sorghum can also develop red bar disease after being infected with ScMV. The appearance of symptoms of redness or redness is related to multiple factors such as variety, infestation period, and temperature. Before the three-leaf stage, it is easy to form dead-heart dead seedlings. At the adult stage, there are many mosaics, but if the temperature below 21°C is long, red or red leaves may appear to be necrotic, and if the temperature rises, the condition no longer expands.
Control methods (1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties such as Qianjinbai, sticky sorghum, and Hebei Yi16 showed resistance to disease. Farm breeds and hybrid sorghum are also more resistant to disease. Broomstick sorghum highly resistant to disease. (2) Establish a disease-free farmland to prevent seed poisoning. Seedlings, Dingmiao disease strains found in a timely manner to remove, reduce the bacteria source, can receive a multiplier effect. (3) Appropriate late sowing under the conditions of mature sorghum. (4) To prevent and control sorghum fieldworms in time and found that when the locusts moved into sorghum field, they sprayed 50% anti-influx ultra-fine wettable powder 3000 times solution or 10% imidacloprid (one-time clean) wettable powder 3000 to 3500 times. (5) If necessary, try to spray 0.5% mushroom proteoglycan hydrolyzate (formerly known as antitoxic agent No. 1) 300 times solution or 20% virus A WP 500 times solution, 15% Virus Boketable WP 500 to 700 Double fluid. 