Heavy snow cultivation techniques

Snow jujube fruit is oblate, bright red, crisp green flesh, tree-like weeping willow, vitamin C content is extremely high, is a high yield, late ripening, large fruit-shaped jujube new varieties. Its resistance to drought, thin, strong adaptability, can bring high economic benefits for the majority of jujube farmers. In recent years, we have explored the cultivation of high yields of the Dazao jujube so that the 3-year-old high-yield plot will reach 1600 kg per 667 square meters. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:

First, choose the land to build the park. Jujube plots should be selected for soil-grown sand (viscous) loam soil, dig 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide to the north-south belt before planting, and backfill with mature soil mixed with soil and compost, with a spacing of 2.51.5 meters and 667 square meters. Rice planted 180 strains. At the same time, a number of columns were planted along the straight line, and 3 to 4 wires were pulled horizontally to form a fence.

Second, grafted grafted seedlings. Snow jujubes generally use wild jujube or common jujube trees as rootstocks for grafting and seedlings. They can be transplanted in the second year after grafting; they need to be selected for robust growth, no pests, and developed rooted seedlings. After transplanting to survive, the buds on the rootstock should often be wiped off, leaving only the buds and buds, and weeds in the garden should be removed. At the same time, the jujube seedlings must be tied to prevent windbreaks.

Third, intercropping efficiency. Dazao Zaoyuan carries out intercropping of jujube vegetables and jujube grains. It can make full use of land resources. While managing fertilizers and water for vegetables and field crops, it also creates a favorable environment for the growth of Dazao jujube and increases jujube farmers' income.

Fourth, plastic shelves. Before germination, the central trunk of the planting tree is first bent 90 degrees to the north to make it horizontal, and the treetop is fixed with a rope to become the first stubble. In the germination period, the first budding site is backed by a suitable main bud, and the second branch is cut to make it sprout. When the trunk grows to a certain height and the lignification becomes soft, it will be accompanied by Pull south and make it the second one. At this time, Miao Qian has become a "person" shape. After 2 years of pruning and management, 2 to 3 upright main branches were cultured on each stem and fixed on a hedgerow. Control the height of the tree (less than 2.5 meters) and the thickness of the fence, and keep a certain number of jujube stocks, so that its three-dimensional fruiting. Using this shape can make full use of space, land, light energy, and fertilizer, and it also has the function of reducing wind and falling fruit.

V. Take heart in a timely manner. During the reshaping process, jujube branches that are useless and improperly positioned in the tree are to be removed. When the main branch sprouts new branches that grow to a certain height, they must be picked up. The second branch can be picked after the flowering period, combined with spraying gibberellin and rings. Cut buds to increase fruit setting.

Six, phased fertilization. In order to make the jujube grow normally, for the year after planting, every 667m2 of jujube gardens, topdressing 20kg of urea, 30kg of middling topdressing DAP, 10kg of phosphorus and potassium topdressing during fruit enlargement, before the end of autumn leaves Digging with a groove ditch organic fertilizer 3 000 kg.

Seven, clever spray fertilizer. Zaoyuan foliar fertilizer can be sprayed as needed. From May to July, a 0.2%~0.3% urea solution was sprayed every 15 days or so; in the middle and early flowering period in June, 0.3% urea and 0.2% borax were sprayed once in each fruiting season. In August and September, 0.3% phosphoric acid was sprayed. Hydrogen potassium 3 to 4 times. A 0.5% urea was sprayed immediately after the date of harvest, which can increase the photosynthetic capacity and effectively delay the leaf senescence.

VIII. Although drought-resistant jujube trees, but there must be sufficient water for three periods. Watering in the bud stage has a significant effect on the development of leaves and flowering of the big snow jujube; watering during the flowering period is the critical period for the water requirement of the big snow jujube; when the weather is dry, the tree tray is to be watered, and water can also be sprayed on the canopy. . Watering during the young fruit period is generally performed depending on the condition of drought. At the time of the rainy season, it is necessary to drain the large dated jujube garden in a timely manner to prevent the occurrence of damaging damage.

Nine, weeding and weeding. The jujube tree has a shallow root, and during the growing season, many times of cultivating and weeding the large snow jujube garden can not only remove the weeds in time, but also reduce the competition for water and nutrients from roots and weeds. It can also loosen the soil, reduce soil evaporation, and promote soil microbes. Activities can increase soil fertility; at the same time, it can remove the surface layer of the soil, cut off the capillary, reduce the evaporation of water, and reduce drought and salt damage. The depth of the cultivator is generally 5 to 10 cm. It is carried out after watering or raining. The depth of deep plowing in thicker soil is generally about 10 cm. The relatively thin soil may be relatively shallow, and it is appropriate to be about 5 cm. Jujube gardens can also be chemically weeded. Based on herbicide sensitivity, endurance, and herbicide efficacy of the main weed species in the jujube garden, the type, concentration and period of herbicides are determined.

Ten, prevention and treatment of pests. The variety of pests and diseases is lighter, but it is found that the jujube strains have to be removed by roots. The main prevention and treatment of jujube leaf rust from July to September can be sprayed with 1500 times Triadimefon. 8 to 9 months of jujube, anthraquinone, ring lines and other diseases prone to occur, available 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times, 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, 50% carbendazim 5600 times or times the amount of Bordeaux mixture and other drugs Spray ahead of time to prevent. If it is found to be harmful to peach borer, cotton bollworm, and juvenile armyworm, 2.5% kungfu inulin emulsion plus 20% diflubenzuron suspension can be sprayed with 1,000 times the crown.

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